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1. Low air pressure <br> When the plasma cutting machine is working, if the working air pressure is far below the air pressure required by the specification, this means that the discharge speed of the plasma arc is weakened and the input air flow rate is less than the specified value, which cannot be high at this time Energy, high-speed plasma arcs, which result in poor incision quality, impenetrability, and kerf accumulation. The reasons for the lack of air pressure are: lack of input air from the air compressor, low pressure adjustment of the air conditioner valve of the cutting machine, oil pollution in the solenoid valve, and unobstructed air path.
The solution is to observe the output pressure of the air compressor before use. If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the pressure or overhaul the air compressor. If the input air pressure has reached the requirements, check whether the air filter pressure reducing valve is adjusted correctly and whether the gauge pressure display meets the cutting requirements. Otherwise, perform routine maintenance on the air filter regulator to ensure that the input air is dry and free of oil. If the input air quality is poor, it will cause oil pollution in the solenoid valve, the valve core opening is difficult, and the valve port cannot be fully opened. In addition, torch nozzle gas pressure is too low, but also need to replace the solenoid valve; gas cross-section smaller will cause the air pressure is too low, according to the instructions to replace the trachea.
2. Air pressure is too high <br> If the input air pressure is far more than 0.45 MPa, after the plasma arc is formed, an excessively large airflow will blow off the concentrated arc column, disperse the energy of the arc column, and weaken the cutting strength of the plasma arc. . The causes of high air pressure are: improper input air adjustment, excessive air filter pressure regulator or air filter pressure regulator failure.
The solution is to check if the air compressor pressure is properly adjusted and if the pressure of the air compressor and the air filter regulator is out of regulation. After starting up, if the rotary air filter pressure reducing valve adjusts the switch, there is no change in the gauge pressure, indicating that the air filter pressure reducing valve is out of order and needs to be replaced.
3. Burning torch nozzle and electrode <br> Due to improper installation of the nozzle, if the screw thread is not tightened, the gear position of the equipment is not properly adjusted. When the water cooled torch is in operation, the flowing cooling water is not required. And frequent arcing can cause premature nozzle damage.
The solution is that, in accordance with the technical requirements for cutting the workpiece, properly adjust the gears of the equipment and check whether the torch nozzle is installed in a cramped position. The cooling water that needs to pass through the cooling water nozzle should be circulated in advance. When cutting, adjust the distance between torch and workpiece according to the thickness of the workpiece.
4. The input AC voltage is too low <br> There are large-scale electrical facilities on the site of the plasma cutting machine. The internal main circuit components of the cutting machine will be faulty and the input AC voltage will be too low.
The solution is to check whether the grid connected to the plasma cutting machine has sufficient carrying capacity and whether the power line specifications meet the requirements. The plasma cutting machine should be installed away from large-scale electrical equipment and places where there is often electrical interference. During use, the dust on the cutting machine and the dirt on the components should be regularly cleaned to check if the wires are aging.
5. Bad contact between the ground and the workpiece <br> Earthing is an essential preparation before cutting. Failure to use special grounding tools, insulation on the surface of the workpiece, and long-term use of severely grounded wires will cause poor contact between the ground and the workpiece.
Use a special grounding tool and check that there is no influence of the insulator on the surface of the workpiece and avoid using an aged ground wire.
6. The spark generator can not automatically cut off the arc <br> When the plasma cutter is working, it is necessary to ignite the plasma arc first, and the high-frequency oscillator ignites the gas between the electrode and the inner wall of the nozzle to generate a high-frequency discharge to partially ionize the gas. A small arc is formed. This small arc is subjected to compressed air and is ejected from the nozzle to ignite the arc. This is the main task of the spark generator. Under normal circumstances, the spark generator's working time is only 0.5 ~ 1s, the reason can not automatically break the arc is generally to control the circuit board components misalignment, spark generator discharge electrode gap is not appropriate.
The spark generator discharge electrode should always be checked to keep its surface flat, and the discharge electrode gap (0.8-1.2mm) of the spark generator should be adjusted timely, and the control board should be replaced if necessary.
7. In addition to the above reasons, the cutting speed is too slow, the cutting torch and workpiece perpendicularity, and the operator's familiarity with the plasma cutting machine, the operating level, etc., will affect the stability of the plasma arc, the user should These aspects are noted.
Analysis of arc instability in plasma cutting machine
The stability of the plasma cutting machine arc directly affects the cutting quality, plasma arc instability phenomenon, will lead to uneven kerf, accumulation of defects and other defects, will also lead to the control system of the relevant components of the life expectancy decreased, nozzles, electrodes frequent replacement. For this phenomenon, analyze and propose solutions.