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In the first quarter, the value-added of China's strategic emerging industries increased by 10.3% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 3.5% higher than that of industries above designated size. Strategic emerging industries are the key areas for cultivating and developing new kinetic energy and gaining new competitive advantages in the future. They should follow the requirements of the supply-side reforms and be placed in a more prominent position in economic development. How can new industries develop healthily? How to prevent overcapacity risks in some areas? This version launches a series of investigation reports.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is formulating industry access conditions, raising barriers to entry, and strictly controlling the low-end end of industrial robots and the risk of overcapacity of low-end products.
A high-profile announcement of an investment of 20 billion yuan to build a robotic industrial park, with strong support from local governments, and 500 acres of industrial land will soon be in place. More than a year has passed. Apart from a low-end robot assembly plant without core technology, the original planners for high-end auxiliary equipment such as speed reducers and servo motors have no trace...
The real case occurred in an ordinary county in a central province of China, reflecting one aspect of the development of China's industrial robot industry. Recently, Xin Guobin, deputy director of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, stated: “The risks of the low-end end of the robotics industry and the overcapacity of low-end products have caused the relevant departments to attach great importance.â€
More than 40 industrial parks and more than 800 companies grab cakes
“In 2010, Wuhan Midea produced 500,000 air conditioners per month and employed more than 10,000 employees. Today, it produces 550,000 units per month and employs 3,000 employees.†Liu Xiaowei, equipment manager of the Engineering Division of Midea Group Refrigeration Equipment Co., Ltd., said that the large-scale industrial robots Use, production process information transformation, the average annual efficiency increase of 20%.
The massive use of robots is a prominent feature of the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing companies in recent years. Statistics show that since 2013 became the world’s largest industrial robot market, the use of industrial robots in China has increased dramatically. In 2014, over 57,000 industrial robots were sold nationwide, an increase of 54%; sales volume increased to 68,000 units in 2015; and the number of robots installed in 2016 was as high as 85,000 units, which exceeded 30% of the global number of newly added industrial robots.
Industry analysts predict that sales of industrial robots in China will reach 102,000 units in 2017, and the total amount will be close to 450,000 units. The market share of Chinese robotic companies will increase from less than 5% in 2012 to more than 30% in 2017. In 2020, the number of industrial robots in China will reach more than 800,000 units, and the potential market demand value will be nearly 500 billion yuan.
Industrial robots have been widely used in the 37 categories of the national economy and 91 industries. In 2016, 3C (computers, communications equipment and other electronic devices) manufacturing and automobile manufacturing accounted for 30% and 12.6% of the total sales volume of domestic industrial robots.
However, the strong market demand has also brought about the overheating of the industry. According to statistics, there are more than 20 provinces with a focus on the development of the robotics industry, and more than 40 robotic industrial parks. In the past two years, the number of robotics companies has rapidly increased from less than 400 to more than 800, while the number of industrial chain-related companies exceeds 3,400. Among them, there are more than 280 robot companies in Zhejiang alone. Zuo Shiquan, director of the Institute of Equipment Research at the CCIDA Institute, frankly stated: “There is a certain degree of overheating in China's robotics industry. The phenomenon of low-level redundant construction and blind start-up has indeed existed in some regions.â€
"After five years, the domestic robotics company will have only one-fifth of the remaining ones. There is no survival space for manufacturers without core technologies and core components." The head of a domestic robot manufacturing company judged.
Six-axis or more articulated robots, about 90% from abroad
An automotive company in Northeast China purchased a welding robot independently developed by a domestic company. Due to insufficient reliability, the production line once stopped.
Geely Automobile's Chunxiao Plant purchases punching shop transfer robots and inspects domestic robot companies several times. However, it has failed to meet design requirements in terms of load capacity, repeatability, and control stability, and has finally chosen abb.
SAIC General Motors considered domestically-branded welding robots a few years ago. Its accuracy and reliability are also good, but key components depend on imports. The price is 70% to 80% higher than that of foreign products...
“There are three weaknesses in the development of Chinese industrial robots: foreign brands account for more than 60% of China’s industrial robot market, technically complex six-axis or more multi-joint robots, and foreign companies’ market share is about 90%; welding is difficult and the most widely used internationally. In the field, foreign robots accounted for 84%; in the automotive industry where high-end applications are concentrated, foreign companies accounted for 90% of the total, said Qu Daokui, president of Shenyang Xinsong Robot Automation.
Li Guisheng, chairman of the company's three-year welding clamper who got Mercedes's orders for welding clamps, introduced that they had opened the welding clamp interface protocol to a robotics company in southern China, but after months of research, the reliability and stability of the company's welding robots Sex never reaches production requirements.
Zuo Shiquan believes that in recent years, although breakthroughs have been made in the research and development of the robot core precision reducer, servo motor, etc., and have been put into production, there is still a big gap in the core technology of robots in China's enterprises. Still need to continue to improve. In addition, it is not enough to master complex technologies such as welding and surgical medical care, especially in terms of perception and control technologies, human-computer interaction technologies, etc., and it is necessary to accelerate the catch-up.
High-end industries are low-end, and industry access thresholds need to be improved
"A large number of manufacturing enterprises in China are still in the transition stage of 'Industry 2.0' to 'Industry 3.0'. They can replace the mid-to-low-end industrial robots with heavy manual labor and harmful environmental operations. The market is huge." Zuo Shiquan said, 2016 In the first half of the year, 60.1% of domestic industrial robots were used in the area of ​​handling and loading and unloading, and sales volume increased by 94.3% year-on-year. Sales robots used in cutting, grinding, deburring, etc., increased sales by 103% year-on-year.
The rapid expansion of the market demand in the low-end market, the natural passion for industrial investment has skyrocketed. However, in Qu Dao-kui's view, how to change from quantity and speed to quality and connotation is the biggest problem in the development of the local robotics industry. According to reports, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, engages in more than 200 companies related to the robotics industry, but most of them either purchase foreign equipment for integration, or purchase foreign core parts and components, and have less than 1/3 of intellectual property rights.
The low-end production capacity has surged. What is the role of relevant government subsidies? Zuo Shiquan said that last year, the CCID Research Institute, the China Robotics Industry Alliance and other units found that many local government departments either directly supported the subsidized users or directly provided technical reform funds, equity investments, or the first set to the robot manufacturers. Premium subsidies and other financial support. It is understood that since 2014, Dongguan has arranged 200 million yuan in annual financial funds for three consecutive years, to carry out general welfare subsidies for robotics companies; Wuhu City, Anhui Province, each year to honor the various types of policy funds 440 million yuan.
"At the same time as the transformation and upgrade has played a significant role in promoting, local support policies may induce some problems." Zuo Shiquan said that the first is to lead to repeated construction. The policy of supporting manufacturing companies to purchase local equipment has enabled robotic companies to flourish, resulting in a lot of low-end production capacity. The second is to cause vicious competition. The support policies have caused enterprises to re-production and light R&D to a certain extent. They have spawned a group of small, weak enterprises with quick money and triggered vicious competition with low prices and low prices. The third is to influence the image of independent brands. The survey found that: there are local support policies, there is no open and transparent auditing standards and processes, companies lack unified specification indicators when designing products, some technologies are not yet mature, they are listed first, and quality is uneven, weakening the confidence of users in using autonomous robots. .
The optimization of policies is imperative. Zuo Shiquan recommends that: First, implement the industrial regulatory conditions and industrial development health guidance, promote the concentration of resources to competitive enterprises, encourage the development of the industry to high-end; Second, strengthen the construction of the robot standard system, accelerate the research and formulation of various technologies urgently needed by the industry. Standards; third is the establishment of a national robot innovation center, production, education, research and use of close cooperation to solve key common technical issues in the industry.
It is reported that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is working on the conditions for industry access, improving access barriers, and strictly controlling the low-end end of industrial robots and the risk of overcapacity of low-end products.
Industrial robot industry falls into low-end
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is formulating industry access conditions, raising barriers to entry, and strictly controlling the low-end end of industrial robots and the risk of overcapacity of low-end products.