· A list to understand the rapid rise of the new energy market

With the release of the new energy vehicle sales list in 2014, we have to say that we are welcoming a new era. For China's new energy automobile industry, the old saying that "the ten years of Hedong ten years of Hexi" may be changed to "five years of Hedong five years in Hexi" is more appropriate.
A list to understand the rapid rise of the new energy market. Features 1. The private consumer market began to “break the ice”
In 2014, China's new energy vehicles sold a total of 74,000 vehicles, although it is insignificant in the volume of China's 23 million such large automobile market. One fact that cannot be ignored is that China's new energy vehicles are rushing year-on-year growth rate. In 2013, China's new energy vehicle sales were only only 17,600 units. In just one year, 320% year-on-year growth was achieved.
Behind the rush of new energy vehicles is the awakening and incitement of the private consumer market. In 2013, more than 85% of the 17,600 units of sales were consumed by the public market. In 2014, the private market began to emerge, which is a major positive signal for the development of new energy vehicles.
Behind the “breaking ice” in the private consumer market, many car companies have increased their investment and promotion of new energy vehicles. Taking self-owned brands as an example, a total of 8 independent brands have begun to launch new energy vehicles for the private market. The result of collective efforts of independent brands is that in 2014, the cumulative sales volume of self-owned brand new energy vehicles reached 55,500, occupying China's new The total sales volume of energy vehicles is as much as 75%, including the sales of word-of-mouth such as BYD Qin, Jianghuai IEV4 and Roewe 550 Plug-in. Among them, BYD has become the top sales of self-owned brand new energy passenger cars with a sales volume of 18,000.
At the same time, the policy tilt of new energy vehicles will also benefit and “heat up” consumption in the private sector. For example, in February 2014, the Shanghai Economic and Information Commission issued a notice that the Beiqi E150 electric vehicle and the BYD Qin plug-in hybrid vehicle entered the demonstration application new energy vehicle catalogue. Shanghai residents can enjoy the free license of Shanghai and enjoy the central license. Financial subsidy.
For a central city with a bicycle license price of around 80,000 yuan in Shanghai, the “free license” will undoubtedly give the new energy vehicle a free-flowing “green card”, which also makes only 80% of BYD Qin’s national sales in Shanghai.
To a certain extent, Shanghai’s change in the license policy for new energy vehicles has made today’s BYD Qin, but the policy is not without risk. The story of the peak-turning cycle occurred on January 1, 2015, and the implementation of the National 5-2 emission standard and the new format charging certificate in Shanghai became the road to the development of BYD Qin in Shanghai.
One of the conditions for the new format charging certificate is that there must be a fixed parking space to install a fixed charging post. In Shanghai, fixed parking spaces are not only expensive, but many old-fashioned communities have no space for fixed parking spaces for new energy vehicles, let alone fixed charging piles.
In addition, the total amount of new energy licenses in Shanghai is limited. The Shanghai government has reserved the Shanghai DZ and Shanghai EZ sections for new energy vehicles. However, the number containing “4” is not issued, and there are about 20,000 free licenses. Today, there are only about 10,000 licenses left. That is to say, Shanghai is changing from the “blessed land” of new energy vehicles to the “waste capital” that is tasteless.
Characteristics 2. The rapid rise of plug-in hybrids According to the data released by the China Industrial Association, in 2014, China sold a total of 74,800 new energy vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 3.2 times, of which plug-in hybrid models sold 29,700 units, occupying a large market. The total amount was 39.7%, which was 8.8 times higher than the same period of last year.
Another set of data can also see the development momentum of plug-in hybrids. In 2013, the sales volume of new energy vehicles nationwide was 17,600, of which 14,600 were pure electric, and the number of plug-in hybrids was 0.31 million. Among them, plug-in hybrids accounted for 17.2% of the total.
Plug-in hybrids can have more than twice the growth rate of pure electric power. An important reason is that plug-in hybrids have greater practicability and can solve "mileage anxiety" and "new energy infrastructure shortages." "The real problem." In the list of Shanghai new energy subsidy policy models, there are many models that Shanghai residents can choose, such as Roewe 550 Plug-in, Dongfeng Nissan's Morning Breeze, Beiqi E150 EV and other models, while BYD Qin technology is the weakest, pure electric mode battery life only 70 kilometers, the best sales result is because it can achieve 300 kilometers of battery life in the fuel mode.
A distinctive feature of the sales list is that Toyota has become the only one among the multinational brands. Leading the giants such as Volkswagen, Ford, and General in the plug-in hybrid layout. From Toyota's emphasis on hybrid technology, we can glimpse its strategic intentions - under the strong wind of T+D power combination such as Volkswagen and General Motors, betting hybrid technology, and then realize the technology of Volkswagen and General Powertrain in the future. "Cut Hu." With the introduction of Toyota's new product information in 2015, the Toyota hybrid model will be extended from the Camry B-class car market to the A-class car market such as Ralink and Corolla.
It is foreseeable that in 2015, because of its own advantages, plug-in hybrids will continue to triumphantly and continue to outperform the growth of pure electric vehicles.
Features 3. The technical route of lithium iron phosphate battery faces challenges In this new energy sales list, most of the electric vehicles use the “lithium iron phosphate” battery as the main technical route. It was System A123 that brought the “lithium iron phosphate” technology route to China. At present, SAIC, GAC and other car companies have adopted the "lithium iron phosphate" technology supported by System A123. BYD's proud "iron battery" technology is actually a "lithium iron phosphate" battery, but now, the challenge is coming.
The first real challenge facing lithium iron phosphate batteries is the rise of ternary lithium batteries. Although the energy density of lithium iron phosphate battery cells can reach 157 watt-hours/kg, the energy density of individual cells after grouping is reduced to 100 watt-hours/kg. Finally, the battery pack is applied to the car, in practice. The energy density ratio shown on the road is about 90. The "Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2012-2020)" issued by the State Council clearly states that "the energy density requirement of the battery module is greater than 150 watt-hours/kg", and the lithium iron phosphate battery cannot meet the existing requirements.
The energy density ratio of the ternary lithium battery can reach 170 watt-hours/kg, which means that the same weight of the battery can be used, and the car can travel more than 1/3. In addition, the current ternary material uses a 1:1:1 stable structure, and is produced by an electrolyte and a special ceramic diaphragm technology, which significantly improves the safety performance of the ternary lithium battery.
At present, many OEMs are increasingly favoring lithium-ion batteries with ternary materials as cathode materials. The technical route of traditional lithium iron phosphate power batteries is being abandoned. For example, BMW, BMW's battery technology in the joint venture brand Zeno chose lithium iron phosphate battery, while its i3 and i8 chose ternary lithium battery; Beiqi New Energy listed EV200 and ES210 two electric vehicles, abandoned Before the Beiqi E150EV was equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery, chose the "three yuan lithium" battery technology route.
The second long-term challenge facing lithium iron phosphate batteries is the prevalence of lithium manganate batteries. Under the domestic wind of lithium iron phosphate, Japan and South Korea quietly applied lithium manganese oxide batteries to electric vehicles, and gradually became the mainstream power battery; in the birthplace of lithium iron phosphate, the United States, the General Electric Volt and Ford Motor has successively selected LG's manganese-based batteries. System A123, which represents the advanced level of lithium iron phosphate, and Valence's lithium iron phosphate battery, were not abandoned by American automakers. System A123 eventually ended in bankruptcy.
Feature 4, city or country?
In the choice of the "rural OR city", the third- and fourth-tier cities and rural markets are ushing in liberation. That's why, on this list, Zotye can occupy two seats (the second in the E20 ranking and the eighth in the cloud 100). In stark contrast to the urban market, third- and fourth-tier cities and rural markets have a distinct low-speed electric vehicle consumption trend. Mainly because of the small size and low price of low-speed electric vehicles, it provides a more cost-effective solution for transportation. The sales of Zhongtaiyun 100 also proved the significance of this market. It was listed in October last year, and sales in 2012 sprinted to 2,224 vehicles, becoming a case of new energy vehicles “urban encircling cities”. Of course, this point has just begun and needs further observation and no further interpretation.
From this list, the performance of the self-owned brand is really eye-catching. What we see is more hope, but it is just getting started. The phrase "The future is bright, the road is tortuous" is the most appropriate portrayal of China's new energy car market.

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