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(3) Rotor. The rotor of the hammer crusher consists of a main shaft, a disc and a hammer. Since the hammer is to be articulated, a combined rotor is usually used. There are 11 discs on the main shaft, which are connected to the main shaft by a key. Spacer sleeves are placed between the discs. In order to prevent the axial movement of the disc, the two ends are fixed by nuts. The hammer head is hingedly suspended from a pin located in the space of the disc. Four pins are arranged on the disc, the pin runs through all the discs, and the ends are screwed with nuts. There are 10 hammers on each pin. A pin bushing is provided on the pin to prevent the hammer head from moving axially. In addition, a second set of pin holes are disposed on the disc. After the hammer is worn by 20 mm, it can be moved into the second set of pin holes to continue the crushing operation, so that the hammer material can be fully utilized.
The hammer of the hammer crusher is the most wearable part, so it is usually made of wear-resistant materials such as high manganese steel. Its shape is mainly in the form of plates and blocks (Fig. 2). The block hammer is heavier than the plate hammer, and is mainly used for the crushing of materials with large block and hardness and long length. In recent years, China has developed a ring-shaped hammerhead, which is available in two types: smooth ring and toothed ring. The ring hammer is suspended on the cross-shaped turntable, which not only can impact crushing the material with the rotor revolution, but also can rotate around the shaft to crush and crush the material, so the power consumption is low. Containing ring hammer crusher called hammer crusher, it is mainly used for crushing coal and other materials.
Hammer crusher construction
The structure of the hammer crusher is relatively simple. Figure 1 shows the Φ1600×1600 single-rotor irreversible hammer crusher , which is widely used in China. It is mainly composed of frame, transmission, rotor and grid.
(1) Rack. The frame of the hammer crusher is welded by steel plates, and may be formed in a box shape. The frame can be divided into two parts, the upper and lower frames, which are bounded by bolts. The upper part of the upper frame is the inlet. Rack and inner contact parts are provided with manganese ore steel backing. In addition, a small door is provided on the side wall for installation and maintenance.
(2) Transmission. Since the hammer crusher works by breaking the ore with a high-speed rotary hammer, the transmission is extremely simple, and the motor directly drives the spindle to rotate through the elastic coupling. The main shaft is mounted on the bearing housings on both sides of the frame by spherical spherical roller bearings. The bearings are lubricated regularly with dry oil.
Usually, there are 3 to 6 hammers in the circumferential direction of the rotor, and 6 to 10 hammers along the length of the rotor. When the blockiness and hardness of the crushed material are large, the mass of the hammer should be heavier and the number should be less; on the contrary, the mass of the hammer should be lighter and the number should be more.
(4) sieve. The sieve of the hammer crusher consists of a curved screen frame and a sieve plate, which is arranged below the rotor. The sieve plate is assembled from a plurality of blocks, and is fixed on the sieve frame by self-weight and mutual extrusion, and the sieve plate has a small-sized and large-sized tapered sieve hole. The curved screen frame is divided into left and right parts, which are suspended on the horizontal axis. The horizontal axis is suspended by bolts on the boss on the outer side of the frame. When the hammer head is worn, the upper and lower positions of the bolt can be adjusted to change the end of the hammer head. And the gap size of the surface of the sieve plate to ensure that the gap is within a certain range, thereby ensuring a certain product size range.
The hammer crusher does not have a special safety device, but a space is provided at the left end of the grid and the inner wall of the frame. When the non-crushed material enters the crushing cavity, it is discharged under the impact of the hammerhead to the end of the sieve plate into the above-mentioned interval cavity, and can be taken out regularly without stopping. In addition, the hammer head is hingedly suspended on the pin shaft, and the hammer head is opened outward under the action of centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. When the crushed object is encountered, the hammer head can be retracted backwards to provide a certain protection.
There is also a reversible hammer crusher which is widely used in hammer crushers, and its structure is basically the same as irreversible. The difference is that this type of crusher is symmetrical to the vertical centerline and the rotor can be rotated in the opposite direction. When the lining and the screen of one side of the hammer and the corresponding side are worn, the vehicle can be stopped to reverse the motor, and the other side of the hammer and the other side of the corresponding lining and the sifter continue to perform the crushing work. This greatly increases the service life of the wearing parts such as the hammer.